Clinical and therapeutic factors associated with dyslipidemia in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Tóm tắt

Dyslipidemia is increasingly recognized as a metabolic complication in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), yet the associated clinical and treatment-related factors remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to identify the clinical and therapeutic factors associated with dyslipidemia in children with CAH. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 73 patients with CAH (aged 1–17 years old) at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital. Data on anthropometrics, clinical signs (acanthosis nigricans, Cushing’s syndrome), duration of glucocorticoid and fludrocortisone therapy, and lipid profiles were collected. The results showed that acanthosis nigricans was significantly associated with LDL-C dyslipidemia (p = 0.016). Cushing’s syndrome showed a similar trend (p = 0.07). A shorter duration of fludrocortisone treatment was significantly associated with hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.009). No significant association was observed between the duration or dose of glucocorticoid therapy, nor the dose of fludrocortisone, and any lipid components (p > 0.05). These findings suggest the importance of screening for clinical signs of insulin resistance and considering the role of mineralocorticoid therapy in the comprehensive metabolic management of these patients.