Nghiên cứu tình trạng tăng cường Methyl hóa gen CDH1 ở bệnh nhân ung thư dạ dày lan tỏa

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC), especially diffuse gastric cancer, is a common malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract with a poor prognosis, early-onset, often found late when cancer has metastasized. The CDH1 gene encodes the E-cadherin protein, which plays an important role in the adhesion between epithelial cells, and loses expression of the E-cadherin protein, leading to increased tumor progression and metastasis. CDH1 gene mutations are usually a point mutation and a heterozygous pattern, so a second hit mechanism is needed to manifest the disease. Hypermethylation in the CDH1 gene promoter region is considered the 'second hit' mechanism most commonly encountered with germline mutation causing diffuse gastric cancer. This study is to determined the hypermethylation of the CDH1 gene promoter region using methyl-specific PCR (MSP) after bisulfite transfer in 44 patients diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer. The hypermethylation in the tumour region (86.4%) was higher than the hypermethylation in the normal region (59.1%); the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.034). The studies of hypermethylation between tumor regions and normal adjacent tissue, between  patients with cancer and normal people with standardization of sensitivity and specificity will create an indicator to assist in screenning the risk of spreading gastric cancer and open up a hopeful new direction in the target treatment of diffuse gastric cancer.