1. Overview of the research characteristics of levofloxacin resistance of Helicobacter pylori's phenology and geology for 2012 - 2022

Tran Thi Nhu Le, Tran Ngoc Anh, Nguyen Vu Trung

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Abstract

Currently Helicobacter pylori’s resistance to levofloxacin is a major challenge in the treatment of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Phenotypic and genotypic testing are basic tests that assess resistance to Helicobacter pylori levofloxacin. This review showed, in the literature, the phenotypic levofloxacin resistance rate was 38.4% (95%CI: 28.1% - 49.9%) and the genotypic levofloxacin resistance rate was 35.9% (95%CI: 28.6% - 44%) in studies published between 2012 and 2022. The difference between phenotypic and genotypic tests was not statistically significant in determining the levofloxacin resistance of Helicobacter pylori in 10/13 studies. GyrA mutations were common in codons N87K/I/T and D91N/G/Y/N and new mutations D6G/N, G208E, R140K, A92T, D97V, A88V, T239M, V172I, R130K/H, H57Y, S63P, V65I, V77A, S83A, D99V, A129T, D155N, D161N, V172I, P188S, D192N, A199V/I, V741I. GyrB mutant R484K; D481E, A584V; F438S, S429T, E463K, D481E, R579C, E684D, D435N, V437T. The current trend indicates that the phenotypic and genotypic rates of levofloxacin resistance are > 20%. It is necessary to find new antibiotic solutions to replace levofloxacin in the treatment regimen of Helicobacter pylori. In addition, genotyping can be used as an alternative to phenotypic testing in confirming Helicobacter pylori levofloxacin resistance.

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