32. Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng bệnh nhân ung thư tuyến giáp thể kém biệt hóa và không biệt hóa tại Bệnh viện K giai đoạn 2018 - 2023

Abstract

Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system, accounting for 90% of cases. The majority (> 95%) of thyroid cancers originate from follicular cells, with less than 5% originating from parafollicular cells. Thyroid cancer of follicular origin is divided into three main types: well-differentiated, poorly differentiated, and undifferentiated. Poorly differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid cancers have distinct clinical and paraclinical features. The study was conducted on 16 patients with poorly differentiated and undifferentiated thyroid cancers treated at the Head and Neck Radiation Department of Viet Nam National Cancer Hospital from January 2018 to December 2023. The average age was 67.4 ± 11.2 years. Common reasons for hospital admission included palpable neck mass (50%), cervical lymphadenopathy (31.25%), and dysphagia (12.5%). Clinically, the tumors and lymph nodes were often firm and had limited mobility. On ultrasound, the common features of the tumors were hypoechogenicity (87.5%), microcalcifications (93.75%), and indistinct margins (93.75%). The rate of cervical lymph node diagnosis on ultrasound was 93.75%. The rate of positive and suspicious fine-needle aspiration cytology for poorly differentiated thyroid cancer was 100%.