Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng u lympho nguyên phát thần kinh trung ương được xạ trị toàn não tại Bệnh viện K

Abstract

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (ΡСNЅL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma restricted to the brain, leptomeninges, spinal cord and eyes without systemic involvement. This rare disease has distinct clinical features, treatment strategies, and prognoses compared to other brain tumors. This is a retrospective cross-sectional study on 21 PCNSL patients who underwent whole-brain radiotherapy at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital from June 2019 to September 2024 to investigate the clinical and subclinical characteristics of this disease. The study recorded that the average age of patients at diagnosis was 59.9 years old, and the male-to-female ratio was 2.5:1. The most common clinical symptom was headache (81%). All patients had tumors located in the brain parenchyma, with the most frequent lesion sites being the deep brain regions (ventricles, thalamus, corpus callosum), accounting for 66.7%. 95.2% of all cases had a pathological diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The MRI characteristics of the tumors were predominantly hypointense to isointense on T1-and T2-weighted sequences, with strong and homogeneous contrast enhancement.