Article Sidebar

PDF (Tiếng Việt)
Published: 2025-06-16
Abstract Views: 0
Views PDF (Tiếng Việt): 0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52852/tcncyh.v191i6.3310
Issue
Vol. 191 No. 6 (2025)
Section
Các bài báo
How to Cite
Mai, L. S., Hương, D. T., Giang, L. M., Michel, L., Trouiller, P., Giang, H. T., Khuê, P. M., Vallo, R., Đức, N. Q., Tuấn, N. V., Moles, J.-P., Laureillard, D., C. Des Jarlais, D., Nagot, N., Oanh, K. T. H., Thanh, N. T. T., Hải, N. T., Giang, L. H., & Hà, L. T. T. (2025). Polysubstance use behavior and associated factors among heroin abusers in Hai Phong. Journal of Medical Research, 191(6), 414-425. https://doi.org/10.52852/tcncyh.v191i6.3310

Polysubstance use behavior and associated factors among heroin abusers in Hai Phong

Le Sao Mai, Duong Thi Huong, Le Minh Giang, Laurent Michel, Philippe Trouiller, Hoang Thi Giang, Pham Minh Khue, Roselyne Vallo, Nguyen Quang Duc, Nguyen Van Tuan, Jean-Pierre Moles, Didier Laureillard, Don C. Des Jarlais, Nicolas Nagot, Khuat Thi Hai Oanh, Nhâm Thi Tuyết Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hai, Le Hien Giang, Le Thi Thu Ha

Main Article Content

Abstract

Polysubstance use (PSU) among people who inject drugs (PWID) poses significant health risks. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PSU and its associated factors among heroin-using PWID in Hai Phong, Vietnam. Data were collected from 1,212 PWID participating in the DRIVE project-a large-scale intervention targeting the HIV epidemic among PWID-at the 30-month follow-up (M30), using face-to-face interviews. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with PSU. The results showed that 37.2% of participants reported PSU, with heroin-methamphetamine and heroin-alcohol combinations being the most common. Higher PSU risk was observed among participants aged < 40 years (p < 0.05), those with psychotic symptoms (p < 0.001), and those with depressive symptoms (p < 0.001). In contrast, methadone treatment (p < 0.001) and HIV-positive status (p < 0.001) were associated with lower odds of PSU. A history of recent arrest was also associated with increased PSU risk (p < 0.001). These findings underscore the importance of expanding access to methadone treatment and integrating mental health support into substance use disorder services.

Article Details

Keywords

Polysubstance use, heroin, injection drug use, mental health, Hai Phong

References

1. Shen J, Hua G, Li C, Liu S, Liu L, Jiao J. Prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years of drug use disorders for 204 countries and territories during the past 30 years. Asian journal of psychiatry. 2023; 86: 103677.
2. Crime UNOoDa. Drug Use Characteristics. UNODC. Accessed August 11, 2024. https://dataunodc.un.org/dp-drug-use-characteristics.
3. Mandal P, Mittal S, Chadda RK. Polysubstance use in South Asia. Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 2023; 36(4): 269-276.
4. Degenhardt L, Peacock A, Colledge S, et al. Global prevalence of injecting drug use and sociodemographic characteristics and prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV in people who inject drugs: a multistage systematic review. The Lancet Global Health. 2017; 5(12): e1192-e1207.
5. Crummy EA, O’Neal TJ, Baskin BM, Ferguson SM. One is not enough: understanding and modeling polysubstance use. Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2020; 14: 541662.
6. Des Jarlais D, Khue PM, Feelemyer J, et al. Using dual capture/recapture studies to estimate the population size of persons who inject drugs (PWID) in the city of Hai Phong, Vietnam. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2018; 185: 106-111.
7. Des Jarlais DC, Feelemyer J, Arasteh K, et al. The methamphetamine epidemic among persons who inject heroin in Hai Phong, Vietnam. Journal of substance abuse treatment. 2021; 126: 108320.
8. Lê Sao Mai, Trouiller P, Dương Thị Hương, et al. Daily heroin injection and psychiatric disorders: A cross-sectional survey among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in Haiphong, Vietnam. Drug and alcohol dependence. 2020; 216: 108334.
9. Des Jarlais DC, Dương Thị Hương, Khuất Thị Hải Oanh, et al. Ending an HIV epidemic among persons who inject drugs in a middle-income country: extremely low HIV incidence among persons who inject drugs in Hai Phong, Viet Nam. Aids. 2020; 34(15): 2305-2311.
10. Wang L, Min JE, Krebs E, et al. Polydrug use and its association with drug treatment outcomes among primary heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine users. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2017; 49: 32-40.
11. Betts KS, Chan G, McIlwraith F, et al. Differences in polysubstance use patterns and drug-related outcomes between people who inject drugs receiving and not receiving opioid substitution therapies. Addiction. Jul 2016; 111(7): 1214-23. doi:10.1111/add.13339.
12. Higgins-Biddle JC, Babor TF. A review of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), AUDIT-C, and USAUDIT for screening in the United States: Past issues and future directions. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse. 2018; 44(6): 578-586.
13. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. The Journal of clinical psychiatry. 1998; 59(20): 22-23.
14. Đào Thị Diệu Thuý, Nguyễn Thu Trang, Nguyễn Minh Tâm, Feaster D, Lê Minh Giang. Methamphetamine use among people who inject heroin in Hanoi, Vietnam. MedPharmRes. 2022; 6(1): 15-21.
15. Valente PK, Bazzi AR, Childs E, et al. Patterns, contexts, and motivations for polysubstance use among people who inject drugs in non-urban settings in the US Northeast. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2020; 85: 102934.
16. Riback LR, Nyakowa M, Lizcano JA, et al. Polysubstance Use and Related Risk Behaviors among People Who Inject Drugs in Kenya Preparing for Hepatitis C Virus Treatment. Viruses. 2024; 16(8): 1277.
17. Hayashi K, Ti L, Fairbairn N, et al. Drug-related harm among people who inject drugs in Thailand: summary findings from the Mitsampan Community Research Project. Harm reduction journal. 2013; 10: 1-9.
18. Bandara S, Byrne L, Berman V, et al. Harm Reduction and Treatment Among People at High Risk of Overdose. JAMA network open. 2024; 7(8): e2427241-e2427241.
19. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of general psychiatry. 2005; 62(6): 617-627. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617.
20. Karamouzian M, Pilarinos A, Hayashi K, Buxton JA, Kerr T. Latent patterns of polysubstance use among people who use opioids: A systematic review. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2022/04/01/ 2022;102:103584. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103584.