Đặc điểm bệnh tật trẻ sơ sinh của mẹ bị đái tháo đường tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Trung ương

Abstract

This descriptive study was conducted on 198 neonates born to mothers with diabetes at the National hospital of obstetrics and gynecology to determine the pattern of neonatal morbidity and propose preventive measures for this high-risk population. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. Differences were observed in the mean gestational age of mothers with diabetes (38.29 ± 1.53 weeks). The cesarean section rate was 74.2%, and in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies accounted for 23.7%, compared to the control group. The proportion of preterm births was 9.6%, while full-term births accounted for 93.4%. The percentage of neonates weighing over 4000 grams was 5.1%. Among the neonates, 83.8% were healthy, while 16.2% exhibited pathological conditions, including respiratory distress syndrome (8.1%), neonatal jaundice (6.1%), respiratory diseases (5%), neonatal infections (3%), congenital anomalies (2.5%), and polycythemia (0.5%). Additionally, 4 out of 40 neonates (10%) had hypoglycemia, defined as blood glucose levels below 2.6 mmol/L. Conclusion: Neonates born to mothers with diabetes require thorough monitoring, especially for the risks of preterm birth, respiratory distress, and neonatal jaundice.