Kết quả điều trị thở máy xâm nhập ở trẻ sơ sinh có suy hô hấp

Abstract

This study investigates the outcomes of invasive mechanical ventilation in neonates with respiratory failure at Bac Ninh Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital from April 2023 to March 2024. A total of 213 neonates requiring mechanical ventilation were included in this study. The overall survival rate was 76.5%, while 23.5% experienced treatment failure, including death (8.9%), and cases of discharge against medical advice or transfer (14.6%). Among the neonates, 66.6% were preterm (< 37 weeks gestation), with an average gestational age of 33.94 weeks. Additionally, 66.7% had a birth weight below 2500g, with an average weight of 2192.02g. The most common cause of mechanical ventilation was respiratory distress (89.21%), followed by sepsis and metabolic disorders. The highest failure rates were observed in neonates weighing less than 1000g (66.7%) and those born before 28 weeks gestation (60%). The majority of infants (92.5%) were admitted within one day of birth, and 77.5% required mechanical ventilation within the first hour. Hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and severe acidosis were examined but did not show significant statistical associations with outcomes. The study underscores the importance of early intervention, advanced neonatal care, and improved respiratory support, particularly for preterm and low-birth-weight infants, to enhance survival rates and reduce neonatal mortality.