Mối liên quan giữa hoạt độ G6PD và chỉ số huyết học ở bệnh nhi thiếu hụt G6PD tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương

Abstract

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a X-linked enzymatic disorder, impairs the antioxidant defenses of red blood cells, increasing their susceptibility to oxidative stress and hemolysis. While hematological manifestations vary by enzyme activity level, data among Vietnamese pediatric populations remained limited. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between G6PD activity and hematological indices in children diagnosed with G6PD deficiency. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study on 46 pediatric patients at Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from January to July 2023. G6PD activity was measured using spectrophotometry (Roche Cobas c501, U/g Hb). Patients presented due to neonatal jaundice, unexplained anemia, infection, or were identified through routine newborn screening. Data on age, gemder, G6PD activity, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were extracted from medical records and analyzed using univariate linear regression. Results showed that 65.2% of patients were male, with a mean age of 11.0 ± 16.6 months, and 60.9% had severe enzyme deficiency (< 2 U/g Hb). A strong positive correlation was observed between G6PD activity and hematocrit (R² = 0.56; p < 0.001), with a similar trend noted for hemoglobin. The findings suggest that lower G6PD activity is associated with reduced hematological indices, emphasizing the importance of early detection and follow-up in children with severe deficiency to prevent anemia-related complications.