Fetal macrosomia- complications and newborn management
Main Article Content
Abstract
Fetal macrosomia specifies infants with birthweight above 4000gr or 4500gr. Fetal macrosomia may be the result of maternal conditions (overweight/obesity, diabetes) or fetal conditions (hyperinsulinemia, hypothyroidism, Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome, etc.). The condition leads to increased risk of Cesarean section and obsteric complications such as uterine rupture, birth asphyxia, shoulder dystocia, clavicle fracture, brachial plexus injury; newborns may develop hypoglycemia, polycythemia, respiratory distress due to delayed lung fluid clearance and surfactant deficiency. Newborn management includes neonatal resuscitation, early diagnosis and treatment of complications.
Article Details
Keywords
fetal macrosomia, obstetric complications, newborn management
References
2. Dennedy MC, Dunne F. Macrosomia: defining the problem worldwide. Lancet (London, England). Feb 9 2013;381(9865):435-6. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)62090-x
3. Nguyễn Gia Khánh. Bài giảng Nhi khoa. Trường Đại học Y Hà Nội. 2017;2:85-94.
4. Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Osterman MJK, Driscoll AK, Drake P. Births: Final Data for 2017. National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System. Nov 2018;67(8):1-50.
5. Koyanagi A, Zhang J, Dagvadorj A, et al. Macrosomia in 23 developing countries: an analysis of a multicountry, facility-based, cross-sectional survey. Lancet (London, England). Feb 9 2013;381(9865):476-83. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61605-5
6. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Committee on Practice Bulletins. Practice Bulletin No. 173: Fetal Macrosomia. Obstetrics and gynecology. Nov 2016;128(5):e195-e209. doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000001767
7. Nguyễn Công Khanh, Nguyễn Thu Nhạn, Hoàng Trọng Kim. Sách giáo khoa Nhi khoa. Nhà xuất bản y học. 2016:58-92.
8. Duryea EL, Hawkins JS, McIntire DD, Casey BM, Leveno KJ. A revised birth weight reference for the United States. Obstetrics and gynecology. Jul 2014;124(1):16-22. doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000000345
9. Beta J, Khan N, Khalil A, Fiolna M, Ramadan G, Akolekar R. Maternal and neonatal complications of fetal macrosomia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Sep 2019;54(3):308-318. doi:10.1002/uog.20279
10. Okun N, Verma A, Mitchell BF, Flowerdew G. Relative importance of maternal constitutional factors and glucose intolerance of pregnancy in the development of newborn macrosomia. The Journal of maternal-fetal medicine. Sep-Oct 1997;6(5):285-90. doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6661(199709/10)6:5<285::aid-mfm9>3.0.co;2-c
11. Homko CJ, Sivan E, Nyirjesy P, Reece EA. The interrelationship between ethnicity and gestational diabetes in fetal macrosomia. Diabetes Care. 1995;18(11):1442-1445.
12. Zhang X, Decker A, Platt RW, Kramer MS. How big is too big? The perinatal consequences of fetal macrosomia. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology. May 2008;198(5):517.e1-6. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2007.12.005
13. DeVader SR, Neeley HL, Myles TD, Leet TL. Evaluation of gestational weight gain guidelines for women with normal prepregnancy body mass index. Obstetrics and gynecology. Oct 2007;110(4):745-51. doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000284451.37882.85
14. Arieh Riskin JAG-P. Infants of women with diabetes. UpToDate. 2020;
15. Cheng YK LT. Fetal and maternal complications in macrosomic pregnancies. Research and Reports in Neonatology. 2014;4:65-70. doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/RRN.S39110
16. van Zijl MD, Oudijk MA, Ravelli ACJ, Mol BWJ, Pajkrt E, Kazemier BM. Large-for-gestational-age fetuses have an increased risk for spontaneous preterm birth. Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association. Aug 2019;39(8):1050-1056. doi:10.1038/s41372-019-0361-6
17. Jacques S Abramowicz JTA. Fetal macrosomia. UpToDate. 2020;