Mối liên quan giữa Human Papillomavirus với biểu hiện P16, P53, PRB ở bệnh nhân ung thư biểu mô tế bào gai vùng khẩu hầu

Abstract

High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has emerged as a major etiological factor in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), with its incidence steadily increasing worldwide. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HR-HPV infection, evaluate the expression of p16, p53, and pRb proteins, and investigate the associations between HR-HPV status and these biomarkers. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 146 patients diagnosed with histopathologically confirmed OPSCC. HR-HPV genotyping was conducted using real-time PCR, while immunohistochemistry on FFPE specimens was employed to assess p16, p53, and pRb expression. The mean patient age was 58.3 years old, and males accounted for 89% of the cohort. The tonsil was the most common primary site (48.6%). The majority of patients (80.8%) presented with stage IV disease. HR-HPV positivity was observed in 63.7% of cases, of which HPV16 accounted for 77.4%. p16 positivity, p53 negativity, and pRb negativity were detected in 43.2%, 74.7%, and 61.0% of tumors, respectively. Statistically significant associations were identified between HR-HPV status and both p16 (p = 0.04) and p53 expression (p = 0.009).