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Published: 2025-12-30
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.52852/tcncyh.v197i12.4202
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Vol. 197 No. 12 (2025)
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Phượng, P. T., Anh, N. Q., & Hương, L. T. (2025). Polar artery sign on CT in localization of parathyroid adenoma. Journal of Medical Research, 197(12), 413-422. https://doi.org/10.52852/tcncyh.v197i12.4202

Polar artery sign on CT in localization of parathyroid adenoma

Pham Thi Phuong, Nguyen Quang Anh, Lai Thu Huong

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Abstract

The study aimed to describe three-phase dynamic computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics of parathyroid adenoma and evaluate the correlation between the polar artery sign and tumor features through retrospective analysis. Among the 40 adenomas confirmed postoperatively, CT detected 39 cases, with only one lesion was identified retrospectively. The most common location was the lower pole of the thyroid (70%), while 10% of adenomas were ectopic. The mean adenoma size was 20.28 ± 10.4mm. On pre-contrast, all adenomas appeared hypoattenuating; post-contrast, 67.5% showed type B enhancement, followed by type A (17.5%) and type C (12.5%). The polar artery sign was observed in 62.5% of the tumors. Tumors with the polar artery sign had greater enhancement and higher arterial phase density compared to those without this sign. One tumor was missed preoperatively due to being mistaken for a non-enhancing cystic lesion; another was incorrectly diagnosed, with postoperative histopathology revealing chronic inflammatory lymphadenopathy.

Article Details

Keywords

Computer tomography, parathyroid adenoma, polar artery sign, washout index

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