Đặc điểm thính lực của người lao động có tiếp xúc với tiếng ồn tại một công ty luyện thép ở Thái Nguyên năm 2025

Abstract

This study described the noise-induced hearing loss characteristics of workers exposed to occupational noise at a steel manufacturing company in Thai Nguyen, using a cross-sectional descriptive design. Data were collected from the medical examination records of 309 workers and analyzed using SPSS version 26 with descriptive statistical methods and the Chi-square test. The overall prevalence of hearing impairment was 15.2%, with no case of severe hearing loss identified. Median hearing thresholds across frequency bands remained within normal limits. At frequencies ranging from 250 to 2000 Hz, hearing thresholds were symmetrically distributed between the two ears, whereas at 4 kHz, an increase in hearing thresholds at higher percentiles was observed, indicating a trend toward mild hearing loss in a subset of workers. Subjective symptoms were infrequent, with headache being the most commonly reported complaint. The prevalence of hearing impairment was nearly equivalent between direct production workers and administrative staff, suggesting that job position did not have a significant impact on hearing status in this study. These findings indicate that hearing impairment represents an occupational health concern among workers in the metallurgical industry and highlight the importance of periodic audiometric monitoring and effective control of noise exposure in the workplace.