Thực trạng mổ lấy thai lần đầu tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Hà Đông

Abstract

A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to describe the clinical, paraclinical characteristics, and obstetric outcomes of 572 pregnant women undergoing their primary cesarean section at Ha Dong General Hospital in 2024. The 20-35 years old age group represented 80.6%. Maternal physical characteristics included a mean height of 156.5 ± 4.2 cm and a mean BMI of 25.4 ± 2.8 kg/m2, with 75.3% being overweight or obese. Nulliparous women accounted for 61.8%, and singletons 98.3%. Most patients were in labor before surgery (95.1%) and 57.7% had meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Significant risk factors included fetal macrosomia ≥ 3500 g (31.5%), malpresentation (9.6%), and oligohydramnios (4.5%). Regarding obstetric outcomes, common  maternal complications included hemorrhage (3.7%), surgical complications (2.1%), and infections (1.9%). For neonates, 98.5% had a 5-minute Apgar score ≥ 7; the rates of respiratory distress syndrome, low birth weight, and birth asphyxia were 2.6%, 4.1%, and 1.5%, respectively. The study concludes that primary cesarean sections are closely associated with meconium-stained amniotic fluid, high maternal BMI, and macrosomia. The outcomes demonstrate the safety of surgical intervention, while highlighting the need for weight management during pregnancy and the implementation of the Robson classification.