Một số đặc điểm lâm sàng và cắt lớp vi tính của bệnh nhân u thận trẻ em được phẫu thuật

Abstract

Although Wilms tumor is the most common pediatric renal malignancy, non-Wilms renal tumors (NWTs) are increasingly reported in the medical literature. A retrospective study was conducted on 66 patients undergoing surgery for renal tumors at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from January 2022 to December 2024. Wilms tumors accounted for 72.7% of cases, while NWTs accounted for 27.3%. Age distribution differed significantly between the two groups (p < 0.001), with Wilms tumors predominantly found in the 6 months to 5 years old age group (87.5%). The most common reasons for admission were incidental detection via ultrasound (33.3%) and a palpable abdominal mass (22.7%), with no significant difference observed between the two groups. On computed tomography (CT), intratumoral calcification (p = 0.014) and abdominal lymph nodes > 10 mm (p = 0.004) were significantly more frequent in the NWT group. Given the non-specific nature of initial clinical symptoms, age group and CT findings, such as calcification and enlarged abdominal lymph nodes, a preoperative differential diagnosis between Wilms tumor and NWT should be performed for accurate diagnosis and treatment.