Nghiên cứu mối liên quan giữa Helicobacter pylori mang gen vacA và một số hình thái tổn thương trên nội soi ở bệnh nhân viêm dạ dày mạn tính

Abstract

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 70 patients diagnosed with chronic gastritis due to H. pylori infection via upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from January 2024 to February 2025. Results: The majority was female patients representing 58.6%, the mean age was 39.6 ± 12.3 years old, the history of smoking and alcohol consumption was quite low, at 14.3% and 17.1% respectively, and the BMI ≥ 23 was 62.9%. 68.6% complained of epigastric pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy recorded 70% of congestive inflammation, mainly concentrated in the antrum. The rate of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was relatively high (57.1%). The vacA s1 genotype was dominant (100%), in which vacA m1 accounted for 42.9% and vacA m2 accounted for 57.1%. A statistically significant association was found between the vacA s1m1 genotype, BMI ≥ 23, and verrucous gastritis; additionally, BMI ≥ 23 was recorded as a statistically significant risk factor increasing the likelihood of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (p < 0.05).