Trải nghiệm bạo lực tinh thần và các yếu tố liên quan của học sinh tại một số trường trung học cơ sở tỉnh Thái Nguyên

Abstract

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 1,420 students across secondary schools in Thai Nguyen province from January to December 2025. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological violence and identify associated factors using a specialized assessment tool. The results revealed a high prevalence of psychological violence at 68.8%, with the most common form being derogatory nicknames or public ridicule (55.7%). Classmates were identified as the primary perpetrators (64.0%), and the classroom was the most frequent location for these incidents (48.7%). Multivariable hierarchical logistic regression analysis indicated that an unsafe school environment was the factor most strongly associated with psychological violence (aOR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.46 – 2.35). Other significantly associated factors included insufficient sleeping time- less than 6 hours per day- (aOR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.17 – 2.06), inadequate family support (aOR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.15 – 2.00), insufficient teacher support (aOR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.01 – 1.87), and alcohol consumption (aOR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.03 – 1.75). The model further suggests that an unsafe environment is not only directly associated with an increased likelihood of violence but also indirectly linked to a decrease in the quality of support from families and teachers, thereby increasing students’ vulnerability.