Đặc điểm căn nguyên vi sinh và kết quả điều trị tiêu chảy nhiễm khuẩn kéo dài ở trẻ từ 6 đến 24 tháng tuổi tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương

Abstract

Persistent infectious diarrhea is defined as a gastrointestinal infection lasting more than 14 days. This prospective study included 132 children aged 6 to 24 months with persistent infectious diarrhea treated at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from August 2023 to September 2025. Stool culture showed a low positivity rate, with Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica detected in 9.8% and 5.3% of patients, respectively. Multiplex real-time PCR detected bacterial pathogens in 25.8% and viral pathogens in 22.7% of samples, mainly including Clostridium difficile (tcdA/tcdB), Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli and Norovirus GI/GII. The majority of patients received Ceftriaxone. Lactose-free formula was the most commonly used, while the use of extensively hydrolyzed formula increased from 6.8% to 28.0%. After treatment, stool frequency decreased from 6.10 ± 2.74 to 1.63 ± 0.77 episodes per day; the proportion of mucoid stools decreased from 71.2% to 8.3%, and no case of bloody stools occured. The results showed that multiplex real-time PCR increased the detection rate of microbial pathogens in comparison with stool culture, and that both clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters improved after inpatient management.