Biến chứng chuyển hóa ở trẻ thừa cân, béo phì tại phòng khám dinh dưỡng - Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương

Abstract

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 200 children under 16 years old diagnosed as overweight or obesity to study metabolic disorders and related complications; patients attended the Nutrition Clinic of the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from June 2024 to July 2025. The results showed that 77.5% of the children were 5 years old or older, 59.0% were males, and 77.5% were classified as obese. The most prominent lipid abnormality was hypertriglyceridemia (56.0%), followed by elevated total cholesterol (19.5%), elevated LDL-C (12.0%), and low HDL-C (10.5%). Acanthosis nigricans was observed in 48.0% of the children. Regarding glucose metabolism, 13.5% had fasting blood glucose in the prediabetic range and 0.5% in the diabetic range; based on HbA1c, the corresponding proportions were 29.0% and 1.0%, respectively. Fatty liver was identified in 34.5% of the children; when including those requiring follow-up, abnormal liver ultrasound findings increased to 42.5%. No statistically significant difference was found between children younger than 5 years old or 5 years old and older in the surveyed metabolic disorders and complications. These findings suggest the need to strengthen screening and regular follow-up in overweight and obese children.