The effects of particulate matter on inpatient elderly people with stroke in five Hospitals, Danang, 2019
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the association between particulate matter (PM2.5) and inpatient treatment due to stroke in Danang city in the year of 2019. Five hospitals were selected in our study. On the average, daily mean particulate matter increased in dry season, compared to rain season. The result showed when the difference in daily PM2.5 increased in 1µg/m3, the relative risk of getting stroke increased 1.14 times among elderly (95%CI: 1.025 - 1.267) in rainy season. In dry season, the relative risk in creasing in lag 1 day with RR = 1.017 (95%CI: 1.008 - 1.026). Our study showed an important evidence of the effects of air pollution, especially particulate matter, on stroke among the elderly in Da Nang.
Article Details
Keywords
Particulate matter, stroke, Da Nang.
References
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3. US EPA O. Criteria Air Pollutants. US EPA. Published April 9, 2014. Accessed February 21, 2020. https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants.
4. Marshall J. PM 2.5. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(22):8756. doi:10.1073/pnas.1307735110.
5. US EPA O. Particulate Matter (PM) Pollution. US EPA. Published March 7, 2016. Accessed May 2, 2020. https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution.
6. Du Y, Xu X, Chu M, Guo Y, Wang J. Air particulate matter and cardiovascular disease: the epidemiological, biomedical and clinical evidence. J Thorac Dis. 2016;8(1):E8-E19. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.11.37.
7. Brunekreef B, Holgate ST. Air pollution and health. The Lancet. 2002;360(9341):1233-1242. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11274-8.
8. Chen C, Wang X, Lv C, et al. The effect of air pollution on hospitalization of individuals with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Jinan, China. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(22). doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000015634.
9. Hoang TA, Chu NX, Tran TV. The Environmental Pollution In Vietnam: Source, Impact And Remedies. 2017;6(02):5.
10. Phung D, Hien TT, Linh HN, et al. Air pollution and risk of respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations in the most populous city in Vietnam. Science of The Total Environment. 2016;557-558:322-330. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.070.
11. The World Air Quality Index. Ô nhiễm không khí TP Đà Nẵng, Vietnam: Chỉ số chất lượng không khí PM2.5 thời gian thực. aqicn.org. Published 2020. Accessed March 1, 2020. http://aqicn.org/city/vietnam/da-nang/vn/.
12. The World Air Quality Index. Da Nang, Vietnam Air Pollution: Real-time Air Quality Index. aqicn.org. Accessed November 7, 2020. https://aqicn.org/city/vietnam/da-nang/.
13. Lê Hoàng Anh, Dương Thành Nam, Vương Như Luận. Ô nhiễm bụi PM tại một số thành phố ở Việt Nam - Biến động theo không gian, thời gian của PM10 và PM2.5. Tạp chí Môi trường. 2018;IV.
14. Nhung NTT, Schindler C, Chau NQ, et al. Exposure to air pollution and risk of hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases amongst Vietnamese adults: Case-crossover study. Sci Total Environ. 2020;703:134637. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134637.
15. Wellenius GA, Burger MR, Coull BA, et al. Ambient Air Pollution and the Risk of Acute Ischemic Stroke. ARCH INTERN MED. 2012;172(3):6.
16. Huang F, Luo Y, Guo Y, et al. Particulate Matter and Hospital Admissions for Stroke in Beijing, China: Modification Effects by Ambient Temperature. Journal of the American Heart Association. 5(7):e003437. doi:10.1161/JAHA.116.003437.
17. O’Donnell M, Fang J, Mittleman M, Kapral M, Wellenius G. Fine Particulate Air Pollution (PM 2.5 ) and the Risk of Acute Ischemic Stroke. Epidemiology. 2011;22:422-431. doi:10.2307/23047612.
18. Lee B-J, Kim B, Lee K. Air Pollution Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease. Toxicol Res. 2014;30(2):71-75. doi:10.5487/TR.2014.30.2.071.
19. Shah ASV, Lee KK, McAllister DA, et al. Short term exposure to air pollution and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2015;350:h1295. doi:10.1136/bmj.h1295.
20. Keyong Huang, Fengchao Liang, Xueli Yang, Fangchao Liu. Long term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and incidence of stroke: prospective cohort study from the China-PAR project. The BMJ. Accessed October 12, 2020. https://www.bmj.com/content/367/bmj.l6720.