Đông máu rải rác nội mạch và một số yếu tố liên quan ở bệnh nhi lơ xê mi cấp dòng lympho T

Abstract

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious complication in patients with acute leukemia. This retrospective descriptive study analyzed medical records of 140 pediatric patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) diagnosed at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion between 2019 and 2025, aiming to investigate the rate of DIC and associated factors. The results showed that males accounted for 76.4%, the median age was 10.2 years old, and 20.0% of patients expressed myeloid lineage-associated markers. The prevalence of DIC at initial assessment was 54.3%. Multivariable analysis identified two factors independently associated with DIC: white blood cell count ≥ 50 G/L (OR = 3.18; 95% CI: 1.41 – 7.17; p = 0.005) and absence of myeloid marker expression (OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.02 – 6.37; p = 0.044). These findings indicate that DIC is a common complication in pediatric patients with T-ALL. Therefore, coagulation testing should be performed immediately upon admission, particularly in patients with a white blood cell count ≥ 50 G/L and absence of myeloid immunophenotypic marker expression.