Nồng độ vitamin D huyết thanh và một số yếu tố liên quan ở bệnh nhân thoái hoá cột sống thắt lưng

Abstract

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 130 patients (aged ≥ 40 years old) diagnosed with lumbar spondylosis at Bach Mai Hospital between January 2025 and April 2026 to determine serum vitamin D levels and evaluate their associations with clinical and paraclinical characteristics. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured and analyzed in relation to clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and the severity of intervertebral disc degeneration according to the Pfirrmann classification on MRI. The median vitamin D level was 21.9 (18.2 – 26.8) ng/mL, with most patients presenting mild to moderate vitamin D deficiency. Low vitamin D levels were significantly associated with restricted lumbar spine mobility, joint space narrowing, and loss of physiological spinal curvature (p < 0.001). Vitamin D levels showed a moderate inverse correlation with the severity of disc degeneration according to the Pfirrmann grading system (r = −0.367; p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression identified menopausal status as an independent factor associated with vitamin D deficiency (OR = 25.52, 95% CI: 3.0 – 217.1; p = 0.003). Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with lumbar spondylosis and is associated with disc degeneration severity and several clinical characteristics.