Đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng của nhiễm khuẩn tiết niệu theo nhóm tuổi ở trẻ em tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương

Abstract

We conducted this cross-sectional descriptive study to describe and compare the clinical and paraclinical characteristics across age groups in children with urinary tract infection (UTI). 250 children diagnosed with UTI and having positive midstream urine cultures at Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from April 2024 to April 2026 were enrolled. Patients were categorized into three age groups: < 2 years old, 2 – 5 years old, and > 5 years old. The female-to-male ratio was 1.9:1. Gender distribution differed significantly among age groups (p < 0.001), with males predominating in children younger than < 2 years old and females predominating in older age groups. The most common clinical manifestations were dysuria and urinary frequency (56.4%), cloudy urine, hematuria (35.2%), fever (19.6%). Children younger than 2 years old more frequently presented with nonspecific symptoms such as fever, gastrointestinal disturbances, or irritability, whereas older children exhibited more localized urinary symptoms. Pyuria was detected in 97.5% of patients. The proportion of positive urinary nitrite tests differed significantly among age groups (p = 0.021). Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen (74.0%). Recognition of these age-related differences may facilitate early diagnosis and appropriate clinical management in children with UTI.