Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và căn nguyên gây nhiễm khuẩn huyết sơ sinh tại Bệnh viện Nhi Hải Phòng

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis (NNS) is a common and life-threatening disease and ranks as the third leading cause of mortality in neonates. A case-series descriptive study was conducted on 92 neonates with positive blood cultures treated at Hai Phong Children’s Hospital from July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2026. The results showed that late-onset neonatal sepsis predominated (85.9%), mainly occurring in preterm infants (80.4%) and low-birth-weight infants (78.3%). The most common clinical manifestation was respiratory distress (77.2%), followed by circulatory and neurological disorders. Common laboratory abnormalities included thrombocytopenia (79.3%), elevated lactate levels (64.1%), and increased C-reactive protein levels (44.6%). Gram-negative bacteria were predominant, among which Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common pathogen in late-onset neonatal sepsis, particularly in preterm infants (32.6%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common Gram-positive bacterium and was more frequently observed in early-onset neonatal sepsis. Candida albicans accounted for 20.6% of cases and was found only in late-onset neonatal sepsis. Late-onset neonatal sepsis mainly occurred in preterm and low-birth-weight infants, with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans being the predominant pathogens.