Đặc điểm X-quang và tỷ lệ hiện diện răng hàm lớn thứ ba trên phim panorama ở học sinh lớp 11 trường trung học phổ thông tỉnh Bắc Ninh năm 2025

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the clinical prevalence and radiographic characteristics of third molars on panoramic radiographs among grade 11 students at Nguyen Van Cu High School, Bac Ninh province, in 2025. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 133 students aged 16 – 17 years selected from the list of eligible students. All participants underwent clinical examination and digital panoramic radiography to assess the clinical presence, impaction depth, relationship with the mandibular ramus, and angulation of third molars according to the Archer, Pell and Gregory, and Winter classifications. The overall clinical prevalence of third molars was 31.77%. Mandibular third molars had a higher clinical prevalence than maxillary third molars, ranging from 49.62% to 53.38% and from 11.28% to 12.78%, respectively. In the maxilla, Archer Position C predominated, accounting for 78.60%. In the mandible, Pell and Gregory Position B and Class II accounted for 55.51% and 67.35%, respectively. According to the Winter classification, vertical and mesioangular angulations were the most common patterns, accounting for 45.31% and 45.71%. The findings indicate that mandibular third molars were more frequently clinically present than maxillary third molars among students aged 16–17 years. Most third molars had not completed eruption and required further clinical and radiographic monitoring.