Nhiễm Cytomegalovirus sau sinh ở trẻ sơ sinh non tháng
Nội dung chính của bài viết
Tóm tắt
Nhiễm Cytomegalovirus (CMV) sau sinh thường không có biểu hiện lâm sàng rõ rệt ở trẻ đủ tháng, nhưng có thể gây triệu chứng nặng nề giống nhiễm khuẩn huyết, viêm ruột, viêm phổi, và làm tăng tỉ lệ loạn sản phế quản phổi (broncho pulmonary dysplasia- BPD) ở trẻ sinh non dưới 32 tuần. Yếu tố nguy cơ bao gồm lây qua dịch tiết đường sinh dục khi sinh, truyền chế phẩm tế bào máu sau sinh (khối hồng cầu, khối tiểu cầu) chưa được làm nghèo bạch cầu, và qua sữa mẹ ở trẻ sinh ra từ bà mẹ có phản ứng huyết thanh dương tính. Quyết định điều trị dựa vào mức độ biểu hiện lâm sàng, thời gian điều trị thường từ 4-8 tuần. Không có bằng chứng rõ ràng cho thấy nhiễm CMV sau sinh ảnh hưởng đến thính lực và phát triển thần kinh trong những năm đầu, tuy nhiên trẻ bị bệnh có thể giảm điểm nhận thức khi theo dõi tới tuổi học đường.
Chi tiết bài viết
Từ khóa
Nhiễm Cytomegalovirus, CMV, sau sinh, sinh non.
Tài liệu tham khảo
1. Gaytant MA, Steegers EA, Semmekrot BA, Merkus HM, Galama JM. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection: review of the epidemiology and outcome. Obstetrical & gynecological survey. 2002;57(4):245-256.
2. Diosi P, Babusceac L, Nevinglovschi O, Kun-Stoicu G. Cytomegalovirus infection associated with pregnancy. The Lancet. 1967;290(7525):1063-1066.
3. Vollmer B, Seibold-Weiger K, Schmitz-Salue C, et al. Postnatally acquired cytomegalovirus infection via breast milk: effects on hearing and development in preterm infants. The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 2004;23(4):322-327.
4. Gunkel J, De Vries LS, Jongmans M, et al. Outcome of preterm infants with postnatal cytomegalovirus infection. Pediatrics. 2018;141(2)
5. Brecht KF, Goelz R, Bevot A, Krägeloh-Mann I, Wilke M, Lidzba K. Postnatal human cytomegalovirus infection in preterm infants has long-term neuropsychological sequelae. The Journal of pediatrics. 2015;166(4):834-839. e1.
6. Weller TH, Macauley J, Craig J, Wirth P. Isolation of intranuclear inclusion producing agents from infants with illnesses resembling cytomegalic inclusion disease. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 1957;94(1):4-12.
7. Ho M. The history of cytomegalovirus and its diseases. Medical microbiology and immunology. 2008;197(2):65-73.
8. Zuhair M, Smit GSA, Wallis G, et al. Estimation of the worldwide seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Reviews in medical virology. 2019;29(3):e2034.
9. Kadambari S, Luck S, Heath PT, Sharland M. Preemptive screening strategies to identify postnatal CMV diseases on the neonatal unit. The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 2016;35(10):1148-1150.
10. Reynolds DW, Stagno S, Hosty TS, Tiller M, Alford Jr CA. Maternal cytomegalovirus excretion and perinatal infection. New England Journal of Medicine. 1973;289(1):1-5.
11. Hamprecht K, Maschmann J, Vochem M, Dietz K, Speer CP, Jahn G. Epidemiology of transmission of cytomegalovirus from mother to preterm infant by breastfeeding. The Lancet. 2001;357(9255):513-518.
12. Azenkot T, Zaniello B, Green ML, et al. Cytomegalovirus shedding from breastmilk and mucosal sites in healthy postpartum women: A pilot study. Journal of medical virology. 2019;91(5):894-898.
13. Park HW, Cho MH, Bae SH, Lee R, Kim KS. Incidence of Postnatal CMV Infection among Breastfed Preterm Infants: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Korean medical science. 2021;36(12)
14. Yeager AS. Transfusion-acquired cytomegalovirus infection in newborn infants. American Journal of Diseases of Children. 1974;128(4):478-483.
15. McEnery G, Stern H. Cytomegalovirus infection in early infancy: Five atypical cases. Archives of disease in childhood. 1970;45(243):669-673.
16. Vamvakas EC. Is white blood cell reduction equivalent to antibody screening in preventing transmission of cytomegalovirus by transfusion? A review of the literature and meta-analysis. Transfusion medicine reviews. 2005;19(3):181-199.
17. Martins-Celini FP, Yamamoto AY, Passos DM, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and morbidity of acquired postnatal cytomegalovirus infection among preterm infants fed maternal milk in a highly seropositive population. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2016;63(7):929-936.
18. Mukhopadhyay S, Meyer SA, Permar SR, Puopolo KM. Symptomatic postnatal cytomegalovirus testing among very low-birth-weight infants: indications and outcomes. American journal of perinatology. 2016;33(09):894-902.
19. A Ross S, Novak Z, Pati S, B Boppana S. Overview of the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection. Infectious Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Infectious Disorders). 2011;11(5):466-474.
20. Gunkel J, Wolfs TF, de Vries LS, Nijman J. Predictors of severity for postnatal cytomegalovirus infection in preterm infants and implications for treatment. Expert review of anti-infective therapy. 2014;12(11):1345-1355.
21. Marshall BC, Koch WC. Antivirals for cytomegalovirus infection in neonates and infants. Pediatric Drugs. 2009;11(5):309-321.
22. Osterholm EA, Schleiss MR. Impact of breast milk‐acquired cytomegalovirus infection in premature infants: Pathogenesis, prevention, and clinical consequences? Reviews in medical virology. 2020;30(6):1-11.
2. Diosi P, Babusceac L, Nevinglovschi O, Kun-Stoicu G. Cytomegalovirus infection associated with pregnancy. The Lancet. 1967;290(7525):1063-1066.
3. Vollmer B, Seibold-Weiger K, Schmitz-Salue C, et al. Postnatally acquired cytomegalovirus infection via breast milk: effects on hearing and development in preterm infants. The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 2004;23(4):322-327.
4. Gunkel J, De Vries LS, Jongmans M, et al. Outcome of preterm infants with postnatal cytomegalovirus infection. Pediatrics. 2018;141(2)
5. Brecht KF, Goelz R, Bevot A, Krägeloh-Mann I, Wilke M, Lidzba K. Postnatal human cytomegalovirus infection in preterm infants has long-term neuropsychological sequelae. The Journal of pediatrics. 2015;166(4):834-839. e1.
6. Weller TH, Macauley J, Craig J, Wirth P. Isolation of intranuclear inclusion producing agents from infants with illnesses resembling cytomegalic inclusion disease. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 1957;94(1):4-12.
7. Ho M. The history of cytomegalovirus and its diseases. Medical microbiology and immunology. 2008;197(2):65-73.
8. Zuhair M, Smit GSA, Wallis G, et al. Estimation of the worldwide seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Reviews in medical virology. 2019;29(3):e2034.
9. Kadambari S, Luck S, Heath PT, Sharland M. Preemptive screening strategies to identify postnatal CMV diseases on the neonatal unit. The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 2016;35(10):1148-1150.
10. Reynolds DW, Stagno S, Hosty TS, Tiller M, Alford Jr CA. Maternal cytomegalovirus excretion and perinatal infection. New England Journal of Medicine. 1973;289(1):1-5.
11. Hamprecht K, Maschmann J, Vochem M, Dietz K, Speer CP, Jahn G. Epidemiology of transmission of cytomegalovirus from mother to preterm infant by breastfeeding. The Lancet. 2001;357(9255):513-518.
12. Azenkot T, Zaniello B, Green ML, et al. Cytomegalovirus shedding from breastmilk and mucosal sites in healthy postpartum women: A pilot study. Journal of medical virology. 2019;91(5):894-898.
13. Park HW, Cho MH, Bae SH, Lee R, Kim KS. Incidence of Postnatal CMV Infection among Breastfed Preterm Infants: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Korean medical science. 2021;36(12)
14. Yeager AS. Transfusion-acquired cytomegalovirus infection in newborn infants. American Journal of Diseases of Children. 1974;128(4):478-483.
15. McEnery G, Stern H. Cytomegalovirus infection in early infancy: Five atypical cases. Archives of disease in childhood. 1970;45(243):669-673.
16. Vamvakas EC. Is white blood cell reduction equivalent to antibody screening in preventing transmission of cytomegalovirus by transfusion? A review of the literature and meta-analysis. Transfusion medicine reviews. 2005;19(3):181-199.
17. Martins-Celini FP, Yamamoto AY, Passos DM, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and morbidity of acquired postnatal cytomegalovirus infection among preterm infants fed maternal milk in a highly seropositive population. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2016;63(7):929-936.
18. Mukhopadhyay S, Meyer SA, Permar SR, Puopolo KM. Symptomatic postnatal cytomegalovirus testing among very low-birth-weight infants: indications and outcomes. American journal of perinatology. 2016;33(09):894-902.
19. A Ross S, Novak Z, Pati S, B Boppana S. Overview of the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection. Infectious Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Infectious Disorders). 2011;11(5):466-474.
20. Gunkel J, Wolfs TF, de Vries LS, Nijman J. Predictors of severity for postnatal cytomegalovirus infection in preterm infants and implications for treatment. Expert review of anti-infective therapy. 2014;12(11):1345-1355.
21. Marshall BC, Koch WC. Antivirals for cytomegalovirus infection in neonates and infants. Pediatric Drugs. 2009;11(5):309-321.
22. Osterholm EA, Schleiss MR. Impact of breast milk‐acquired cytomegalovirus infection in premature infants: Pathogenesis, prevention, and clinical consequences? Reviews in medical virology. 2020;30(6):1-11.