Nguyên nhân và kết quả điều trị tăng áp động mạch phổi dai dẳng ở trẻ sơ sinh tại Bệnh viện Nhi Hà Nội

Abstract

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a life-threatening neonatal emergency. The advent of inhaled nitric oxide therapy represented a major breakthrough in the treatment of PPHN; however, its high cost limits implementation in many healthcare facilities. This study evaluated 24 neonates diagnosed with PPHN in the Neonatal Department, Hanoi Children Hospital over an 11-month period. The most frequent etiology was pneumonia/sepsis (41.7%). Severe PPHN accounted for 50% of cases, among which congenital heart disease was the predominant underlying cause. Treatment outcomes were 58.3% discharged alive, 33.3% transferred to other hospitals for further management, and 8.3% in-hospital mortality. The principal reason for transfer was congenital heart disease requiring surgical intervention. Dobutamine was the most commonly used vasoactive agent, and milrinone was the most frequently used pulmonary vasodilator. The efficacy of pulmonary vasodilators other than inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) warrants further study. Early diagnosis and prompt intensive management are essential to reduce mortality in neonates with PPHN.