Loét dạ dày tá tràng không nhiễm Helicobacter Pylori ở trẻ em: Đặc điểm bệnh học và biến chứng

Abstract

Non-Helicobacter pylori peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in children has been increasingly recognized, but its clinicopathological characteristics and complications have not been fully described. We conducted a study on 127 children with H. pylori-negative PUD at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from October 2022 to September 2024. The mean age was 10.3 ± 2.8 years, and 68.5% were male. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom (83.5%), but it often presented with non-specific features. Ulcers were predominantly located in the duodenal bulb and duodenum (89.8%), with high rates of multiple ulcers (30.7%), giant ulcers (31.5%), and deep-base ulcers (53.5%). Histopathology revealed mainly mild to moderate chronic inflammation with mild activity, and eosinophilic infiltration was observed in 27.6% of cases. The most frequent complication was anemia, with about 30% of patients requiring blood transfusion; nearly half showed duodenal deformity, and six required surgery. H. pylori-negative PUD in children demonstrates heterogeneous pathological features and a high risk of complications, warranting close monitoring and appropriate long-term management.