Thực trạng bệnh sâu răng sữa ở trẻ em 2 - 5 tuổi tại hệ thống Trường Mầm non Lý Thái Tổ Hà Nội năm 2024 - 2025

Abstract

Dental caries in the primary dentition represents a major oral health concern worldwide. If not managed appropriately, the disease may progress and adversely affect chewing function and the overall development of children. This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and demograpics factors among 2 – 5 years old children at the Ly Thai To Preschool System in Hanoi during 2024 – 2025. The results revealed that the prevalence of children with dental caries in primary teeth was high (63.8%). The mean dmft and dmfs index were 3.39 ± 4.20 and 4.36 ± 6.03 (p < 0.05), showing a gradual increase with age. Children with fair and poor oral hygiene status exhibited a higher prevalence of dental caries. With regard to lesion severity based on ICCMS™, early caries lesions (ICDAS codes 1–2) were most frequently identified in 4-year-old children (31.8%), while advanced lesions (ICDAS ≥ 3) were predominantly observed in 5-year-olds (51.4%). The increasing prevalence by age reflects the cumulative nature of dental caries in primary teeth. Moreover, the combined application of ICCMS™ and dmft/dmfs indices enables a more comprehensive evaluation of caries status, thereby providing important evidence for early prevention and timely intervention in preschool-aged children.