Prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients at rehabilitation professional disease hospital
Main Article Content
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 127 hemodialysis patients at the Hospital for Rehabilitation - Professional Disease from October 2024 to June 2025 to determine the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia according to the AWGS 2019 (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia) criteria, defined as low skeletal muscle mass index accompanied by low muscle strength or low physical performance. The patients mean age was 55.71 ± 15.02 years old, where 52.8% were males. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 41.7%, of which 90.6% was severe. Associated factors included age, low calf circumference, MNA score, and Kt/V. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the regression model identified three factors associated with sarcopenia: age (OR = 1.04), Kt/V (OR = 5.66), and MNA score (OR = 0.69), with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.81.
Article Details
Keywords
Sarcopenia, Maintenance hemodialysis, Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019), Malnutrition, Kt/V, Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA)
References
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12. Yang Y, Zeng Y, Lv W, Fu P, Yuan H. Prevalence and severity of sarcopenia in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2024; 25(1): 385. doi:10.1186/s12882-024-03836-z.
13. Nagy E, Samaan E, El-Gamal M, Shamsuddin M, Tharwat S. Concordance between muscle mass assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis and by muscle ultrasound: a cross-sectional study in a cohort of patients on chronic hemodialysis. BMC Nephrol. 2024; 25(1): 49. doi:10.1186/s12882-024-03487-0.
14. Wu YY, Li JY, Xia QJ, et al. Analysis of Risk Factors of Sarcopenia in Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis and Its Correlation with Emotional Status and Quality of Life. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024; Volume 17: 3743-3751. doi:10.2147/JMDH.S469900.
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17. Bossola M, Tazza L, Luciani G. Mechanisms and Treatment of Anorexia in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis. J Ren Nutr. 2009; 19(1): 2-9. doi:10.1053/j.jrn.2008.10.003.
18. Nguyễn Thị Kim Oanh, Nguyễn Ngọc Tâm, Nguyễn Thế Anh, Vũ Thị Thanh Huyền. Sàng lọc sarcopenia ở người bệnh cao tuổi có bệnh thận mạn điều trị tại bệnh viện Hữu Nghị. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2024; 543(3). doi:10.51298/vmj.v543i3.11581.
19. Fürstenberg A, Davenport A. Comparison of Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Assessments in Outpatient Hemodialysis Patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011; 57(1): 123-129. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.05.022.
20. Jayanama K, Putadechakun S, Srisuwarn P, et al. Evaluation of Body Composition in Hemodialysis Thai Patients: Comparison between Two Models of Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer and Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry. J Nutr Metab. 2018; 2018: 1-11. doi:10.1155/2018/4537623.
21. Li Y, Xing T, Xu R, et al. Single-pool model urea clearance index is associated with sarcopenia and nutritional status in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2024; 25(1): 80. doi:10.1186/s12882-024-03510-4.
22. Lin X, Sun W, Cheng J, Du Y, Xu B. Prediction Models for Sarcopenia in Patients With Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Ren Nutr. 2025; 35(6): 764-779. doi:10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.005.
23. Cai G, Ying J, Pan M, Lang X, Yu W, Zhang Q. Development of a risk prediction nomogram for sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients. BMC Nephrol. 2022; 23(1): 319. doi:10.1186/s12882-022-02942-0.
2. Chen LK, Woo J, Assantachai P, et al. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020; 21(3): 300-307.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2019.12.012.
3. Zicarelli M, Duni A, Leivaditis K, et al. Comprehensive Insights into Sarcopenia in Dialysis Patients: Mechanisms, Assessment, and Therapeutic Approaches. Medicina (Mex). 2025; 61(3): 449. doi:10.3390/medicina61030449.
4. Shu X, Lin T, Wang H, et al. Diagnosis, prevalence, and mortality of sarcopenia in dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022; 13(1): 145-158. doi:10.1002/jcsm.12890.
5. Moorthi RN, Avin KG. Clinical relevance of sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2017; 26(3): 219-228. doi:10.1097/MNH.0000000000000318.
6. Yuan S, Larsson SC. Epidemiology of sarcopenia: Prevalence, risk factors, and consequences. Metabolism. 2023; 144: 155533. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155533.
7. Phạm Thị Diệu Linh, Lê Việt Thắng, Phạm Đức Minh, Nguyễn Duy Đông. Tần suất sarcopenia và các yếu tố liên quan ở bệnh nhân thận nhân tạo chu kỳ. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2023; 531(1). doi:10.51298/vmj.v531i1.6960.
8. Đỗ Gia Tuyển, Đỗ Trường Minh, Nguyễn Hữu Dũng, Đặng Thị Việt Hà, Nghiêm Trung Dũng, Nguyễn Trung Anh. Ảnh hưởng của sarcopenia đến tình trạng phụ thuộc hoạt động thể chất và chất lượng cuộc sống ở bệnh nhân lọc máu chu kỳ. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2025; 550(3). doi:10.51298/vmj.v550i3.14398v.
9. Daugirdas JT. Simplified Equations for Monitoring Kt/V, PCRn, eKt/V, and ePCRn. Adv Ren Replace Ther. 1995; 2(4): 295-304. doi:10.1016/S1073-4449(12)80028-8.
10. Li Y, Xing T, Xu R, et al. Single-pool model urea clearance index is associated with sarcopenia and nutritional status in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2024; 25(1): 80. doi:10.1186/s12882-024-03510-4.
11. Umakanthan M, Li JW, Sud K, et al. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sarcopenia in Patients on Maintenance Dialysis in Australia-A Single Centre, Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2021; 13(9): 3284. doi:10.3390/nu13093284.
12. Yang Y, Zeng Y, Lv W, Fu P, Yuan H. Prevalence and severity of sarcopenia in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2024; 25(1): 385. doi:10.1186/s12882-024-03836-z.
13. Nagy E, Samaan E, El-Gamal M, Shamsuddin M, Tharwat S. Concordance between muscle mass assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis and by muscle ultrasound: a cross-sectional study in a cohort of patients on chronic hemodialysis. BMC Nephrol. 2024; 25(1): 49. doi:10.1186/s12882-024-03487-0.
14. Wu YY, Li JY, Xia QJ, et al. Analysis of Risk Factors of Sarcopenia in Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis and Its Correlation with Emotional Status and Quality of Life. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2024; Volume 17: 3743-3751. doi:10.2147/JMDH.S469900.
15. Özcan B, Güner M, Ceylan S, et al. Calf circumference predicts sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis. Nutr Clin Pract. 2024; 39(1): 193-201. doi:10.1002/ncp.11089.
16. Lin YL, Liu CH, Lai YH, et al. Association of Serum Indoxyl Sulfate Levels with Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients: A 2-year Longitudinal Analysis. Calcif Tissue Int. 2020; 107(3): 257-265. doi:10.1007/s00223-020-00719-x.
17. Bossola M, Tazza L, Luciani G. Mechanisms and Treatment of Anorexia in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis. J Ren Nutr. 2009; 19(1): 2-9. doi:10.1053/j.jrn.2008.10.003.
18. Nguyễn Thị Kim Oanh, Nguyễn Ngọc Tâm, Nguyễn Thế Anh, Vũ Thị Thanh Huyền. Sàng lọc sarcopenia ở người bệnh cao tuổi có bệnh thận mạn điều trị tại bệnh viện Hữu Nghị. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2024; 543(3). doi:10.51298/vmj.v543i3.11581.
19. Fürstenberg A, Davenport A. Comparison of Multifrequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Assessments in Outpatient Hemodialysis Patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011; 57(1): 123-129. doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.05.022.
20. Jayanama K, Putadechakun S, Srisuwarn P, et al. Evaluation of Body Composition in Hemodialysis Thai Patients: Comparison between Two Models of Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer and Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry. J Nutr Metab. 2018; 2018: 1-11. doi:10.1155/2018/4537623.
21. Li Y, Xing T, Xu R, et al. Single-pool model urea clearance index is associated with sarcopenia and nutritional status in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2024; 25(1): 80. doi:10.1186/s12882-024-03510-4.
22. Lin X, Sun W, Cheng J, Du Y, Xu B. Prediction Models for Sarcopenia in Patients With Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Ren Nutr. 2025; 35(6): 764-779. doi:10.1053/j.jrn.2024.07.005.
23. Cai G, Ying J, Pan M, Lang X, Yu W, Zhang Q. Development of a risk prediction nomogram for sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients. BMC Nephrol. 2022; 23(1): 319. doi:10.1186/s12882-022-02942-0.