Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng ở người bệnh xơ gan có huyết khối tĩnh mạch cửa

Abstract

This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of 49 cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and to evaluate the associations between clinical features of cirrhosis and the degree as well as the extent of portal vein obstruction. The study was conducted at Bach Mai Hospital from January 2024 to June 2025. The mean age of the patients was 60.6 ± 1.8 years old, with a predominance of males (73.5%). Splenomegaly and abdominal discomfort were the most common clinical manifestations, observed in 67.3% and 61.2% of cases, respectively. Gastrointestinal bleeding was the most frequent complication, occurring in 61.2% of patients. A statistically significant association was identified between the duration of cirrhosis and the degree of portal vein obstruction (p < 0.05). The severity of obstruction was also significantly associated with gastrointestinal bleeding. Specifically, among patients with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, complete occlusion was markedly higher than partial occlusion (83.3% vs. 16.7%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients with cirrhosis exceeding five years demonstrated a substantially higher rate of complete occlusion compared to partial occlusion (100% vs. 60.5%, p < 0.05).