Hình thái, kích thước lỗ lưỡi giữa và lỗ lưỡi bên xương hàm dưới trên phim CBCT ở người trung niên 45 - 59 tuổi

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the dimensions, prevalence, distribution according to gender, location and the proportion of foramina with dimensions greater than 1mm of the median and lateral lingual foramina on CBCT images in middle-aged individuals (45 - 59 years old). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 158 CBCT scans (87 males, 71 females), evaluating 247 median lingual foramina and 274 lateral lingual foramina. The results showed
that all subjects (100%) presented with at least one median lingual foramen, while lateral lingual foramina were observed in 71.52% of cases. The median lingual foramen was predominantly located above the genial tubercle (72.15%) whereas lateral lingual foramina were mainly distributed in the premolar and molar regions. All measured dimensions of both median and lateral lingual foramina were significantly greater in males than in females (p < 0.05). Most foramina measured ≤ 1 mm; however, a notable proportion exceeded 1mm, particularly among median lingual foramina. Lingual foramina are common anatomical structures with considerable variability in number, location, size and exhibit clear gender-related differences. CBCT should be considered in high-risk surgical cases or when anatomical variations are suspected to support more accurate, appropriate treatment planning and to reduce the risk of complications.