14. Factors related to mortality in COVID-19 patients with bacterial septicemia

Pham Quoc Viet, Hoang Bui Hai

Main Article Content

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate various factors related to mortality in COVID-19 patients with septicemia. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study on COVID-19 patients from September 2021 to March 2022 at the hospital treating COVID-19 patients at Hanoi Medical University Hospital. 68 patients were included in the study with positive blood culture results, the average age was 66.47 years old, 52.9% were males. The COVID-19 prophylactic vaccination rate was 44.1%, septic shock was 69.7%, and mortality was 66.8%. Seventeen types of bacteria were found in the positive blood cultures. The main bacteria included Acinetorbacter baumani, followed by Klebsiella pneumanie. Cases of septicemia caused by more than two types of bacteria were also noted in the study, with a patient having positive blood cultures for 4 types of bacteria. Age and degree of respiratory failure were two important factors to predict mortality in septicemia on COVID-19 patients.

Article Details

References

1. WHO. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. Accessed September 4, 2023. https://covid19.who.int
2. Bộ Y tế. Cổng thông tin của Bộ Y tế về đại dịch COVID-19. Accessed June 15, 2022. https://covid19.gov.vn/
3. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708-1720. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
4. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet Lond Engl. 2020;395(10223):507-513. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
5. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020;323(11):1061-1069. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.1585
6. Grasselli G, Pesenti A, Cecconi M. Critical Care Utilization for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Lombardy, Italy: Early Experience and Forecast During an Emergency Response. JAMA. 2020;323(16):1545-1546. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4031
7. De Bruyn A, Verellen S, Bruckers L, et al. Secondary infection in COVID-19 critically ill patients: a retrospective single-center evaluation. BMC Infect Dis. 2022;22(1):207. doi:10.1186/s12879-022-07192-x
8. Abumayyaleh M, Nuñez-Gil IJ, El-Battrawy I, et al. Sepsis of Patients Infected by SARS-CoV-2: Real-World Experience From the International HOPE-COVID-19-Registry and Validation of HOPE Sepsis Score. Front Med. 2021;8. Accessed July 26, 2022. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.728102
9. Bộ Y tế. Hướng dẫn chẩn đoán và điều trị COVID-19. Hướng dẫn chẩn đoán và điều trị COVID-19. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://vncdc.gov.vn/huong-dan-chan-doan-va-dieu-tri-covid-19-nd16851.html
10. Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, et al. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(4):1250-1256. doi:10.1 097/01.CCM.0000050454.01978.3B
11. CDC. All About Adult BMI. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Published June 3, 2022. Accessed October 10, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html
12. Bahceci I, Yildiz IE, Duran OF, et al. Secondary Bacterial Infection Rates Among Patients With COVID-19. Cureus. 2022;14(2). doi:10.7759/cureus.22363
13. Buetti N, Ruckly S, de Montmollin E, et al. COVID-19 increased the risk of ICU-acquired bloodstream infections: a case–cohort study from the multicentric OUTCOMEREA network. Intensive Care Med. 2021;47(2):180-187. doi:10.1007/s00134-021-06346-w
14. Ripa M, Galli L, Poli A, et al. Secondary infections in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: incidence and predictive factors. Clin Microbiol Infect Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021;27(3):451-457. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.10.021
15. Giacobbe DR, Battaglini D, Ball L, et al. Bloodstream infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Eur J Clin Invest. 2020;50(10):e13319. doi:10.1111/eci.13319
16. Palanisamy N, Vihari N, Meena DS, et al. Clinical profile of bloodstream infections in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):933. doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06647-x
17. Yan L, Zhang HT, Goncalves J, et al. An interpretable mortality prediction model for COVID-19 patients. Nat Mach Intell. 2020;2(5):283-288. doi:10.1038/s42256-020-0 180-7