8. Survey of BCD19+ cell population in peripheral blood of patients with pemphigus vulgaris
Main Article Content
Abstract
B cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris, an autoimmune bullous skin disease. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study on 50 patients with pemphigus vulgaris to determine the quantity and frequency of BCD19+ cell populations in peripheral blood and to evaluate the relationship of these indicators with age, gender, PDAI score and anti-desmoglein 1 and 3 autoantibody serum levels. Results obtained from flow cytometry showed that, in peripheral blood, the median number of CD19+B cells (interquartile range) was 213 (166) cells/µL, and the ratio of B cells/lymphocytes was 11.14 (7.35) %. There was no difference in the number and frequency of B cells according to gender, age group, PDAI, and anti-desmoglein autoantibody serum titer (p > 0.05). Characteristics of B cell populations can be a tool to predict disease progression and the effectiveness of B cell-targeted therapy in patients with pemphigus vulgaris.
Article Details
Keywords
B cells, flow cytometry, pemphigus vulgaris
References
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16. Hammers CM, Chen J, Lin C, Kacir S, Siegel DL, Payne AS, et al. Persistence of anti-desmoglein 3 IgG(+) B-cell clones in pemphigus patients over years. J Invest Dermatol. (2015) 135: 742–9. doi: 10.1038/jid.2014.291.
17. Chen J, Zheng Q, Hammers CM, Ellebrecht CT, Mukherjee EM, Tang H-Y, et al. Proteomic analysis of pemphigus autoantibodies indicates a larger, more diverse, and more dynamic repertoire than determined by B cell genetics. Cell Rep. (2017) 18: 237–47. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.013.
18. Wang WM, Guo L, Jin HZ. Role of B cells in immune-mediated dermatoses. Mol Immunol. 2020; 126: 95-100. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2020.07.016.
19. Pollmann R, Schmidt T, Eming R, Hertl M. Pemphigus: a Comprehensive Review on Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation and Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2018; 54(1): 1-25. doi:10.1007/s12016-017-8662-z.
20. Lim YL, Bohelay G, Hanakawa S, Musette P, Janela B. Yen Loo Lim, Gerome Bohelay, Sho Hanakawa, Autoimmune Pemphigus: Latest Advances and Emerging Therapies, Front.Mol.Biosci. 8:808536. Front Mol Biosci. 2022; 8:26
2. Wang et al. - 2020 - Role of B cells in immune-mediated dermatoses.pdf.
3. Yuan H, Zhou S, Liu Z, et al. Pivotal Role of Lesional and Perilesional T/B Lymphocytes in Pemphigus Pathogenesis. J Invest Dermatol. 2017; 137(11): 2362-2370. doi:10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.032.
4. Liu Z, Zeng W, Huang X, et al. Peripheral CD19hi B cells exhibit activated phenotype and functionality in promoting IgG and IgM production in human autoimmune diseases. Sci Rep. 2017; 7(1): 13921. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14089-2.
5. Yamagami J. B-cell targeted therapy of pemphigus. J Dermatol. 2023 ;50(2): 124-131. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.16653.
6. Pollmann R, Walter E, Schmidt T, et al. Identification of Autoreactive B Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood of Autoimmune Patients With Pemphigus Vulgaris. Front Immunol. 2019; 10: 1375. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01375.
7. Joly P, Horvath B, Patsatsi Α, et al. Updated S2K guidelines on the management of pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus initiated by the european academy of dermatology and venereology (EADV). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020; 34(9): 1900-1913. doi:10.1111/jdv.16752.
8. Shimizu T, Takebayashi T, Sato Y, et al. Grading criteria for disease severity by pemphigus disease area index. J Dermatol. 2014; 41(11): 969-973. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.12649.
9. Mohebi F, Tavakolpour S, Teimourpour A, Toosi R, Mahmoudi H, Balighi K, Ghandi N, Ghiasi M, Nourmohammadpour P, Lajevardi V, Abedini R, Azizpour A, Nasimi M, Daneshpazhooh M. Estimated cut-off values for pemphigus severity classification according to pemphigus disease area index (PDAI), autoimmune bullous skin disorder intensity score (ABSIS), and anti-desmoglein 1 autoantibodies. BMC Dermatol. 2020 Oct 31; 20(1): 13. doi: 10.1186/s12895-020-00105-y.
10. Sanz I, Wei C, Jenks SA, Cashman KS, Tipton C, Woodruff MC, Hom J and Lee FE-H (2019) Challenges and Opportunities for Consistent Classification of Human B Cell and Plasma Cell Populations. Front. Immunol. 10: 2458. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02458.
11. Carsetti R, Terreri S, Conti MG, et al. Comprehensive phenotyping of human peripheral blood B lymphocytes in healthy conditions. Cytometry A. 2022; 101(2): 131-139. doi:10.1002/cyto.a.24507.
12. Berrón-Ruíz L, López-Herrera G, Ávalos-Martínez CE, et al. Variations of B cell subpopulations in peripheral blood of healthy Mexican population according to age: Relevance for diagnosis of primary immunodeficiencies. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2016; 44(6): 571-579. doi:10.1016/j.aller.2016.05.003.
13. Feng R, Zhao J, Sun F, et al. Comparison of the deep immune profiling of B cell subsets between healthy adults and Sjögren’s syndrome. Ann Med. 2022; 54(1): 472-483. doi:10.1080/07853890.2022.2031272.
14. Mei H.E., Wirries I., Frölich D., Brisslert M., Giesecke C., Grün J.R., Alexander T., Schmidt S., Luda K., Kühl A.A., et al. A Unique Population of IgG-Expressing Plasma Cells Lacking CD19 Is Enriched in Human Bone Marrow. Blood. 2015;125:1739–1748. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-02-555169. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar].
15. Pollmann R, Walter E, Schmidt T, et al. Identification of Autoreactive B Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood of Autoimmune Patients With Pemphigus Vulgaris. Front Immunol. 2019; 10:1375. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01375.
16. Hammers CM, Chen J, Lin C, Kacir S, Siegel DL, Payne AS, et al. Persistence of anti-desmoglein 3 IgG(+) B-cell clones in pemphigus patients over years. J Invest Dermatol. (2015) 135: 742–9. doi: 10.1038/jid.2014.291.
17. Chen J, Zheng Q, Hammers CM, Ellebrecht CT, Mukherjee EM, Tang H-Y, et al. Proteomic analysis of pemphigus autoantibodies indicates a larger, more diverse, and more dynamic repertoire than determined by B cell genetics. Cell Rep. (2017) 18: 237–47. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.013.
18. Wang WM, Guo L, Jin HZ. Role of B cells in immune-mediated dermatoses. Mol Immunol. 2020; 126: 95-100. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2020.07.016.
19. Pollmann R, Schmidt T, Eming R, Hertl M. Pemphigus: a Comprehensive Review on Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation and Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2018; 54(1): 1-25. doi:10.1007/s12016-017-8662-z.
20. Lim YL, Bohelay G, Hanakawa S, Musette P, Janela B. Yen Loo Lim, Gerome Bohelay, Sho Hanakawa, Autoimmune Pemphigus: Latest Advances and Emerging Therapies, Front.Mol.Biosci. 8:808536. Front Mol Biosci. 2022; 8:26