Đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng của tiêu chảy nhiễm khuẩn kéo dài ở trẻ 6 - 24 tháng tuổi tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương

Abstract

Persistent infectious diarrhea is a gastrointestinal infection lasting more than 14 days, commonly observed in children under two years of age. A prospective study was conducted in 114 children aged 6 - 24 months at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital from August 1, 2023, to February 28, 2025. The mean age at onset was 8.27 ± 3.3 months old, with 86.8% of cases occurring in the 6 - 12 month old age group. The prevalence rates of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition were 12.3% and 34.2%, respectively. The mean number of diarrheal episodes per day was 5.9 ± 2.3, with common symptoms including mucus or bloody mucus in stools (98.2%), perianal erythema (69.3%), and anorexia (42.1%). The leukocytosis and elevated CRP rates were 14.9% and 16.1%, respectively. Among the study population, 30.7% had anemia, 59.2% had hypoalbuminemia and 67.5% had iron deficiency. The stool culture positivity rate was 17.5%, with Escherichia coli accounting for 11.4% and Salmonella spp. for 6.1%. Persistent infectious diarrhea in young children was characterized by diarrhea with mucus or bloody mucus, a high risk of malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, and a relatively low detection rate of bacterial pathogens through stool culture.