Nguy cơ tái phát trong điều trị bệnh Graves ở trẻ em và một số yếu tố liên quan

Abstract

Graves’ disease is the most common form of primary hyperthyroidism in children. Treatment with antithyroid drugs is the first-line therapy; however, the relapse rate remains high. Prognostic assessment plays an important role in the management of the disease. We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective, and prospective descriptive study on 58 children diagnosed with Graves’ disease at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from January 2021 to November 2024; the study was conducted to describe factors associated with the risk of relapse during treatment. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.6 ± 3.1 years old, with a female-to-male ratio of 2.4:1. Children under 10 years old had a 3.4-fold higher risk of relapse compared to those aged 10 - 18 years old. The relapse rate was higher in girls (9/41) than in boys (0/17). TRAb levels at diagnosis, end of initial treatment, and during maintenance were consistently higher in the relapse group compared to the non-relapse group. These findings suggest that younger age, female sex, and elevated TRAb levels are significant risk factors for relapse in pediatric Graves’ disease.