Oral tongue cancer’s treatment: A scoping review
Main Article Content
Abstract
A scoping review about the treatment methods of oral tongue cancer. The aim is to evaluate the treatment indications for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). The study reviews publications in English related to the treatment outcomes of OTSCC from 2014 to the present were searched and screened using the PRISMA model on PubMed. Data were extracted by the author based on a predefined list of variables. A total of 34 studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis (n = 52,396 patients). Survival outcomes were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. For the treatment of OTSCC, for I–II stages, wide local excision with a 5 - 10mm margin from the lesion is generally effective for tumor control. For III and IV stages, with larger lesions require hemiglossectomy or total glossectomy and reconstruction. For tumors with a high risk of recurrence, adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy improves tumor control. Stage IVc with distant metastases, radical treatment options should be considered carefully, with a focus on palliative care.
Article Details
Keywords
Squamous cell carcinoma, oral tongue cancer, TNM staging
References
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29. Renata Miranda Rodrigues. How pathological criteria can impact prognosis of tongue and floor of the mouth squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of applied oral science. 2019.
30. Samantha Tam. Depth of invasion as a predictor of nodal disease and survival in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Head and Neck. 2019;41(1):177-184.
31. Shih-Jung Cheng. Comparison of long-term outcomes between pull-through resection and mandibular lip-split surgery for T4a tongue/floor of mouth cancers. Head and Neck. 2018; 40(1):144-153.
32. Shinichiro Kina. Impact of metronomic neoadjuvant chemotherapy on early tongue cancer. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology. 2016;78(4):833-840.
33. Shuhei Minamiyama. Retrograde superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy and daily concurrent radiotherapy for T2-4N0 tongue cancer: control of occult neck metastasis. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. 2017;124(1):16-23.
34. Suhas Kodasoge Rajappa. Survival benefits of adjuvant radiation in the management of early tongue cancer with depth of invasion as the indication. Head and Neck. 2018;40(10): 2263-2270.
35. Tapan D Patel. Efficacy of Elective Neck Dissection in T1/T2N0M0 Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Analysis. Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. 2016;155(4):588-597.
36. Thomas Mücke. Tumor thickness and risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Oral oncology. 2016;53:80-84.
37. Y Decroix, N A Ghossein. Experience of the Curie Institute in treatment of cancer of the mobile tongue: I. Treatment policies and result. Cancer. 1981;47(3):496-502.
38. Wang Ling. Survival pattern and prognostic factors of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: a retrospective analysis of 210 cases. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2013;71(4):775-85.
39. Đinh Xuân Cường, Lê Văn Quảng. Kết quả sống thêm ung thư lưỡi giai đoạn T1-2N1M0 bằng phẫu thuật kết hợp hoá xạ trị đồng thời tại Bệnh viện K . Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Y học. 2021;137(1).
2. Nguyễn Hồng Nhung, Lê Văn Sơn.Tình hình ung thư khoang miệng tại bệnh viện Răng Hàm Mặt TW Hà Nội giai đoạn 2015-2019. Tạp chí Y học Việt Nam. 2020;488:61-64.
3. Ana Carolina da Silva Souto, Anke Bergmann, Héliton Spíndola Antunes, et al. Epidemiology of tongue squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective cohort study. Oral diseases. 2023;29(2):402-410.
4. Aurore Goineau. Postoperative interstitial brachytherapy for resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Brachytherapy. 2015; 14(1):71-76.
5. Cesare Piazza. Compartmental surgery for oral tongue and floor of the mouth cancer: Oncologic outcomes. Head and Neck. 2019; 41(1):110-115.
6. Chun-Ta Liao. Clinical Outcomes in pT4 Tongue Carcinoma are Worse than in pT3 Disease: How Extrinsic Muscle Invasion Should be Considered? Annals of surgical oncology.2017;24(9):2570-2579.
7. Cristian Udovicich. Contralateral neck failure in oral tongue cancer: Outcomes from two centers using predefined treatment criteria. Head and Neck. 2021;43(7):2024-2031.
8. Doh Young Lee. Survival and recurrence of resectable tongue cancer: Resection margin cutoff value by T classification. Head and Neck. 2018;40(2):283-291.
9. H Iftikhar. Lymph node ratio as a prognostic marker of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma: a cohort study. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 2020;102(9): 726-732.
10. H S Ong. Does a mandibular access osteotomy improve survival in pT2 oral tongue cancers? Retrospective study at a single institution. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2018;47(3):289-295.
11. Hoshino Terada. An examination of the cutoff value of the depth of invasion for prophylactic neck dissection in stage I/II tongue cancer. Acta otolaryngologica. 2020;140(5): 422-426.
12. Ilia Ianovski. The role of brachytherapy for margin control in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of otolaryngology - head and neck surgery. 2020;49(1).
13. James Daniell. Impact of histological Oral Tongue Cancer margins on locoregional recurrence: A multi-centre retrospective analysis. Oral oncology.2020;111.
14. Jamie R Oliver. Survival of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma in young adults. Head and Neck. 2019;41(9):2960-2968.
15. Jose L López-Cedrún. A 22 years survival and prognostic factors analysis in a homogeneous series of 64 patients with advanced cancer of the tongue and the floor of the mouth. Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery. 2015;43(3):376-381.
16. Julius Moratin. The occurrence of cervical metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: Is there a rationale for bilateral neck dissection in early-stage tumors?. Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery. 2019; 47(7):1134-1138.
17. Kanako Takayama. Treatment results of alternating chemoradiotherapy followed by proton beam therapy boost combined with intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy for stage III-IVB tongue cancer. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology. 2016;142(3):659-667.
18. Kenji Mitsudo. Chemoradiotherapy using retrograde superselective intra-arterial infusion for tongue cancer: Analysis of therapeutic results in 118 cases. Oral oncology. 2018;79:71-77.
19. L Hingsammer. The influence of lymph node ratio on survival and disease recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2019; 48(7):851-856.
20. Laith Mukdad. Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma survival as stratified by age and sex: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results analysis. Laryngoscope. 2019; 129(9):2076-2081.
21. Masaru Konishi.Treatment outcomes of real-time intraoral sonography-guided implantation technique of 198Au grain brachytherapy for T1 and T2 tongue cancer. Journal of radiation research. 2021;62(5):871-876.
22. Miguel Angel Santos. High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy boost in inoperable locally advanced tongue carcinoma. Brachytherapy. 2017;16(6):1213-1218.
23. Mitsunobu Otsuru. A Multicenter Retrospective Study of Elective Neck Dissection for T1-2N0M0 Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis Using Propensity Score-Matching. Annals of surgical oncology. 2019;26(20):555-563.
24. Mitsuo Goto. Prognostic factors and outcomes for salvage surgery in patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Asia Pacific journal of clinical oncology. 2016;12(1):141-148.
25. Qigen Fang, Peng Li, Jinxing Qi, et al. Value of lingual lymph node metastasis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Laryngoscope. 2019;129(11):2527-2530.
26. R Katna, B Bhosale, A Deshpande, et al. Oncological outcomes in patients undergoing major glossectomy for advanced carcinoma of the oral tongue. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 2020;102(7):514-518.
27. Rattawut Wiengnon. Imaging nodal volume and survival in oral tongue cancer with cervical lymph node metastasis. Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology. 2023;89(4).
28. Rayan Mroueh, Aaro Haapaniemi, Antti Mäkitie. Improved outcomes with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma in Finland. Head and Neck. 2017;39(7):1306-1312.
29. Renata Miranda Rodrigues. How pathological criteria can impact prognosis of tongue and floor of the mouth squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of applied oral science. 2019.
30. Samantha Tam. Depth of invasion as a predictor of nodal disease and survival in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Head and Neck. 2019;41(1):177-184.
31. Shih-Jung Cheng. Comparison of long-term outcomes between pull-through resection and mandibular lip-split surgery for T4a tongue/floor of mouth cancers. Head and Neck. 2018; 40(1):144-153.
32. Shinichiro Kina. Impact of metronomic neoadjuvant chemotherapy on early tongue cancer. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology. 2016;78(4):833-840.
33. Shuhei Minamiyama. Retrograde superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy and daily concurrent radiotherapy for T2-4N0 tongue cancer: control of occult neck metastasis. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology. 2017;124(1):16-23.
34. Suhas Kodasoge Rajappa. Survival benefits of adjuvant radiation in the management of early tongue cancer with depth of invasion as the indication. Head and Neck. 2018;40(10): 2263-2270.
35. Tapan D Patel. Efficacy of Elective Neck Dissection in T1/T2N0M0 Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Analysis. Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. 2016;155(4):588-597.
36. Thomas Mücke. Tumor thickness and risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Oral oncology. 2016;53:80-84.
37. Y Decroix, N A Ghossein. Experience of the Curie Institute in treatment of cancer of the mobile tongue: I. Treatment policies and result. Cancer. 1981;47(3):496-502.
38. Wang Ling. Survival pattern and prognostic factors of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: a retrospective analysis of 210 cases. Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2013;71(4):775-85.
39. Đinh Xuân Cường, Lê Văn Quảng. Kết quả sống thêm ung thư lưỡi giai đoạn T1-2N1M0 bằng phẫu thuật kết hợp hoá xạ trị đồng thời tại Bệnh viện K . Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Y học. 2021;137(1).