42. Factors associated with septic shock in children with staphylococcus aureus bacteremia at the Children’s Hospital of Vietnam
Main Article Content
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in children often presents with complex clinical manifestations and severe complications, among which septic shock significantly contributes to mortality. We conducted a descriptive case series study on 106 pediatric patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the Children’s Hospital of Viet Nam from September 2022 to March 2025, aiming to identify factors associated with septic shock. Sepsis was diagnosed according to Phoenix 2024 criteria. The results showed that 54.7% of the cases developed septic shock. Lymphopenia (lymphocyte count < 1.0x109/L) within the first 24 hours was independently associated with septic shock (OR = 5.19, 95%CI: 1.33 - 20.26, p = 0.018). This finding suggests that early lymphopenia may be a useful biomarker for prognosis and monitoring of children at risk for septic shock due to Staphylococcus aureus.
Article Details
Keywords
Staphylococcus aureus, septic shock, children
References
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15. Boomer JS, To K, Chang KC, et al. Immunosuppression in patients who die of sepsis and multiple organ failure. JAMA. 2011; 306(23): 2594-2605. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1829.
16. Chung KP, Chang HT, Lo SC, et al. Severe lymphopenia is associated with elevated plasma interleukin-15 levels and increased mortality during severe sepsis. Shock Augusta Ga. 2015; 43(6): 569-575. doi:10.1097/SHK.0000000000000347.
17. Sheikh Motahar Vahedi H, Bagheri A, Jahanshir A, Seyedhosseini J, Vahidi E. Association of Lymphopenia with Short Term Outcomes of Sepsis Patients; a Brief Report. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2019; 7(1): e14.
18. Matthews EL, Dilworth TJ. Determining the Prognostic Value of Complete Blood Count Subgroup Parameters in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. J Patient-Centered Res Rev. 2024; 11(3): 197-203. doi:10.17294/2330-0698.2073.
2. Li Y, Li Q, Zhang G, et al. Time to positivity of blood culture is a risk factor for clinical outcomes in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia children: a retrospective study. BMC Infect Dis. 2019; 19(1): 437. doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3993-4.
3. El-Halaby H, Elbayoumi M, Elhusseiny A, El-Shahawy H, Noaman A. P0628 / #1758: Prevalence and outcome of staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in critically ill children with sepsis in a tertiary hospital in egypt. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2021; 22(Supplement 1 3S): 305. doi:10.1097/01.pcc.0000740848.43578.23.
4. Gómez J, García-Vázquez E, Baños R, et al. Predictors of mortality in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemia: the role of empiric antibiotic therapy. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007; 26(4): 239-245. doi:10.1007/s10096-007-0272-x.
5. Guilarde AO, Turchi MD, Martelli CMT, Primo MGB. Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: incidence, risk factors and predictors for death in a Brazilian teaching hospital. J Hosp Infect. 2006; 63(3): 330-336. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2006.02.011.
6. Lam SW, Bauer SR, Neuner EA. Predictors of septic shock in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Int J Infect Dis IJID Off Publ Int Soc Infect Dis. 2012; 16(6): e453-456. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2012.02.007.
7. Nguyễn Thị Hà, Tạ Anh Tuấn, Phạm Hồng Nhung. Đặc điểm lâm sàng, vi sinh của nhiễm khuẩn huyết do Staphylococcus aureus ở trẻ em tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương. Tạp chí Nghiên cứu học. 2024; 178(5): 52-60. doi:10.52852/tcncyh.v178i5.2406.
8. Đỗ Trọng Đạt (2020). Đặc điểm lâm sàng, tính nhạy cảm kháng sinh của vi khuẩn và nhận xét kết quả điều trị nhiễm khuẩn huyết do tụ cầu vàng tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương. Luận văn Thạc sỹ y học. Trường Đại học Y Hà Nội.
9. Schlapbach LJ, Watson RS, Sorce LR, et al. International Consensus Criteria for Pediatric Sepsis and Septic Shock. JAMA. 2024; 331(8): 665-674. doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0179.
10. Frederiksen MS, Espersen F, Frimodt-Møller N, et al. Changing epidemiology of pediatric Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in Denmark from 1971 through 2000. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007; 26(5): 398-405. doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000261112.53035.4c
11. Asgeirsson H, Gudlaugsson O, Kristinsson KG, et al. Low mortality of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in Icelandic children: nationwide study on incidence and outcome. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015; 34(2): 140-144. doi:10.1097/INF.0000000000000485.
12. Campbell AJ, Al Yazidi LS, Phuong LK, et al. Pediatric Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Clinical Spectrum and Predictors of Poor Outcome. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am. 2022; 74(4): 604-613. doi:10.1093/cid/ciab510.
13. McMullan BJ, Bowen A, Blyth CC, et al. Epidemiology and Mortality of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia in Australian and New Zealand Children. JAMA Pediatr. 2016; 170(10): 979-986. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.1477.
14. Klieger SB, Vendetti ND, Fisher BT, Gerber JS. Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in hospitalized children: incidence and outcomes. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2015; 36(5): 603-605. doi:10.1017/ice.2014.91.
15. Boomer JS, To K, Chang KC, et al. Immunosuppression in patients who die of sepsis and multiple organ failure. JAMA. 2011; 306(23): 2594-2605. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1829.
16. Chung KP, Chang HT, Lo SC, et al. Severe lymphopenia is associated with elevated plasma interleukin-15 levels and increased mortality during severe sepsis. Shock Augusta Ga. 2015; 43(6): 569-575. doi:10.1097/SHK.0000000000000347.
17. Sheikh Motahar Vahedi H, Bagheri A, Jahanshir A, Seyedhosseini J, Vahidi E. Association of Lymphopenia with Short Term Outcomes of Sepsis Patients; a Brief Report. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2019; 7(1): e14.
18. Matthews EL, Dilworth TJ. Determining the Prognostic Value of Complete Blood Count Subgroup Parameters in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia. J Patient-Centered Res Rev. 2024; 11(3): 197-203. doi:10.17294/2330-0698.2073.