Khảo sát tỷ lệ biến cố tim mạch trong vòng sáu tháng sau xuất viện và một số yếu tố liên quan ở bệnh nhân nhồi máu cơ tim cấp

Abstract

Patients who survive after an myocardial infarction incidence remain at a high risk of mortality due to the occurrence of both short- and long-term cardiovascular events. Therefore, determining the incidence of these events as well as the associated risk factors is of great importance in patients’ management and treatment. A cross-sectional descriptive study with convenient sampling was performed on patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction and treated at the Interventional Cardiology Department of Can Tho Central General Hospital from December 2024 to September 2025. A total of 196 patients were included, with a mean age of 66.08 ± 10.58 years old, and male patients accounted for 71.4%. After 6 months of follow-up, 40 patients (20.4%) experienced cardiovascular events. Factors such as diabetes mellitus (OR = 2.93), dyslipidemia (OR = 2.27), and smoking (OR = 2.31) were significant risks factors of cardiovascular events. Multivariate analysis revealed that diabetes (OR = 2.59), dyslipidemia (OR = 3.06), smoking (OR = 2.63), GRACE score (OR = 0.97), and TIMI score (OR = 0.62) were independent factors associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular events. These findings indicate that the incidence of cardiovascular events within 6 months of follow-up among patients with acute myocardial infarction was relatively high. Diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, GRACE, TIMI scores were identified as independent predictors influencing the occurrence of cardiovascular events within 6 months after hospital discharge.