Đặc điểm huyết áp lưu động 24 giờ và phác đồ điều trị ở bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp ngoại trú

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 166 outpatients with hypertension to characterize 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) profiles and antihypertensive treatment patterns in routine clinical practice. The median age was 63 years old (IQR: 57 - 71), and 51.2% were male. On ABPM, the median 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were 117 mmHg and 68 mmHg, respectively. The median daytime BP load was 12.9%, with 41.6% of patients exhibiting a daytime load ≥ 20%. Nocturnal BP load was high, with a median of 50%, and 74.1% of patients had nocturnal BP load ≥ 20%. Abnormal nocturnal BP patterns, including non-dipping and reverse dipping, accounted for 77.7%, whereas only 18.1% of patients exhibited a normal dipping pattern. Regarding treatment, 86.7% of patients received combination therapy, with a mean of 2.4 ± 0.8 antihypertensive drug classes; ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers were the most commonly used agents (77.7%), followed by beta-blockers (68.1%) and calcium channel blockers (52.4%). These findings indicate that nocturnal BP abnormalities and elevated BP load remain common among hypertensive outpatients despite ongoing pharmacological treatment. The results underscore the clinical value of 24-hour ABPM in the comprehensive assessment of BP control and in supporting individualized treatment strategies in outpatient hypertension management.