Thực trạng bị bạo lực học đường và các yếu tố liên quan ở học sinh Trung học Cơ sở tại Hải Dương

Abstract

School violence is an urgent issue that necessitates the assessment of its prevalence and the identification of risk factors to protect secondary school students. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 400 students in grades 6 to 9 across 4 representative secondary schools in both urban and rural areas of Hai Duong province from January to December 2025. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models to identify associated factors. The results revealed that the prevalence of students experiencing at least one form of school violence in the past 12 months was 61.0%. Specifically, verbal violence accounted for the highest proportion at 52.5%, followed by social violence (37.3%), physical violence (33.5%), and cyberbullying (23.0%). Multivariate analysis indicated that statistically significant factors associated with a higher risk of experiencing school violence included suicidal ideation (OR = 5.6), loneliness (OR = 2.1), and conflicts with siblings (OR = 2.3). Conversely, confiding in relatives (OR = 0.5) and belonging to households with average (OR = 0.2) or poor (OR = 0.3) economic status were statistically significant factors associated with a lower risk of school violence. Therefore, multidimensional intervention strategies are urgently needed to not only focus on early mental health screening but also equip students with conflict-resolution skills, enhance the supportive role of teachers, and strengthen family connections and communication.