Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng bệnh sởi ở trẻ em

Abstract

This study describes the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of 1028 children with measles treated at the National Children's Hospital from September 2024 to March 2025. Results: The most common symptoms were fever (98.4%) and cough (97.4%), Koplik spots (73.1%), and rash (96.7%). Only 25.68% of patients had no complication. Common complications included pneumonia (72.4%), sepsis (2.4%), and some cases also acquired septic shock. 193 patients (18.8%) had underlying conditions, including neurological disorders (16.6%), followed by prematurity (15.6%), hepatobiliary disorders (14.5%), congenital heart defects (12.4%), hematological disorders (9.8%), cancer, and immunological disorders (6.7%). Patients with hemoglobin > 110 g/L accounted for 58.9%. Other degrees of hemoglobin reduction accounted for 41.1%; platelet counts above 150 G/L accounted for 91.9%. 29.2% of cases had white blood cell counts above 10 G/L. Platelet counts above 150 G/L accounted for 91.9%. The percentage of cases with CRP > 30 was 16.8%, GOT > 40 UI was 89.3%, elevated LDH > 250 U/L was 98%, and elevated ferritin > 300 ng/mL was 51.3%. The mortality rate was 1.3%. Conclusion: Common symptoms of measles in children include fever, rash, and Koplik spots. The most common complication is pneumonia; in addition, diarrhea, sepsis, encephalitis, and hyperinflammatory response have also been reported. Fever and respiratory catarrh are two early symptoms in children identified as having been exposed to the source of infection. Therefore, clinicians always pay attention to complications during treatment. Children exposed to the disease should be isolated promptly if they have fever and respiratory catarrh