Tình trạng dinh dưỡng và một số yếu tố liên quan của người ăn chay tại Hà Nội năm 2020 - 2021

Abstract

The study was conducted to describe the nutritional status and factors related to the nutritional status of vegetarians in Hanoi from November 2020 to May 2021. This was a descriptive study using cross-sectional design included 64 subjects who are vegetarian for at least one month. Study subjects are from 20 to 69 years old. Chronic energy deficiency (BMI < 18.5) affected 7.8% of investigated subjects, meanwhile overweight/obese accounted for 23.3% (BMI ≥ 23). There was a higher percentage of chronic energy deficiency among women than men with statistical significance (8.9% versus 5.3%). In constrast, the overweight/obesity rate in men (47.4%) was approximately five times greater than women (8.9%), this difference is statistically significant (p < 0,05). Indeed, the male vegeterians was associated with a 9.2 times higher risk of overweight/obesity compared with females (OR=9.2, p < 0,05). Moreover, there was a moderate positive correlation between weekly physical activity frequency and subject's muscle mass (r=0,4, p < 0,05). Finally, the results of the 24-hour diet analysis showed that most of the subjects consumed less than the recommended amount of energy, energy-producing substances, vitamins and minerals, and fiber.