35. Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng ở bệnh nhân thiếu máu do rong kinh

Abstract

This study describes the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with anemia due to Abnormal Uterine Bleeding/Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (AUB/HMB). A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 110 patients diagnosed with AUB/HMB-related anemia at the Military Hospital 103 from January 2020 to January 2025. The median age of patients in the functional AUB/HMB group was significantly lower than the organic AUB/HMB group (37.5 vs. 43 years old, p = 0.002). Most patients in the functional AUB/HMB group were aged between 19 - 40 years old(47.9%), while the organic AUB/HMB group primarily included those aged ≥ 41 years old (64.5%, p = 0.027). Functional AUB/HMB group was commonly associated with Ovulatory dysfunction (60.4%), whereas organic AUB/HMB group was mainly caused by leiomyoma (66.1%). The presence of blood clots was significantly higher in the organic AUB/HMB group (35.5%) compared to the functional AUB/HMB group (4.2%), with p < 0.0001 and OR = 12.65. Severe anemia was more prevalent in the organic AUB/HMB group (35.5% vs. 14.6%), p = 0.044. Median levels of red blood cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit in the functional AUB/HMB group were significantly higher than that of organic AUB/HMB group (p < 0.05). Age, anemia severity, and the presence of blood clots during menstruation were associated with the underlying cause of AUB/HMB.